HITACHI CP2125S
Service Manual

modulation is rather long to avoid visible variations of the signal amplitude. To improve the speed of the AGC system a circuit has been included which detects whether the AGC detector is activated every frame period. When during 3 frame periods no action is detected the speed of the system is increased. For signals without peak white information the system switches automatically to a gated black level AGC. Because a black level clamp pulse is required for this way of operation the circuit will only switch to black level AGC in the internal mode. The circuits contain a video identification circuit which is independent of the synchronisation circuit. Therefore search tuning is possible when the display section of the receiver is used as a monitor. The ident output is supplied to the tuning system via the I²C-bus. The video ident circuit can be made less sensitive by means of the STM bit. This mode can be used during search tuning to avoid that the tuning system will stop at very weak input signals. 2.2. Video Switches The circuits have two CVBS inputs (internal and external CVBS) and Y/C input. When the Y/C input is not required the Y input can be used as third CVBS input. The selection of the various sources is made via the I²C-bus. The circuit has one CVBS output. 2.3. Sound Circuit The sound band pass and trap filters have to be connected externally. The filtered intercarrier signal is fed to a limiter circuit and is demodulated by means of a PLL demodulator. This PLL circuit tunes itself automatically to the incoming carrier signal so that no adjustment is required. The volume is controlled via the I²C-bus. The deemphasis capacitor has to be connected externally. The non-controlled audio signal can be obtained from this pin. The FM demodulator can be muted via the I²C-bus. This function can be used to switch-off the sound during a channel change so that high output peaks are prevented. The TDA8840/8842 contain an automatic volume levelling (AVL) circuit which automatically stabilises the audio output signal to a certain level which can be set by the viewer by means of the volume control. This function prevents big audio output fluctuations due to variations of the modulation depth of the transmitter. The AVL function can be activated via the I²C-bus. 2.4. Synchronisation circuit The sync seperator is preceded by a controlled amplifier which adjusts the sync pulse amplitude to a fixed level. These pulses are fed to the slicing stage which is operating at 50% of the amplitude. The separated sync pulses are fed to the first phase detector and to the coincidence detector. This coincidence detector is used to detect whether the line oscillator is synchronised and can also be used for transmitter identification. The first PLL has a very high statical steepness so that the phase of the picture is independent of the line frequency. The horizontal output signal is generated by means of an oscillator which is running at twice the line frequency. Its frequency is divided by 2 to lock the first control loop to the incoming signal. The time-constant of the loop can be forced by the I²C-bus (fast or slow). If required the IC can select the time-constant depending on the noise content of the incoming video signal. To protect the horizontal output transistor, the horizontal drive is immediately switched off when a power-on-reset is detected. The drive signal is switched-on again when the normal switch-on procedure is followed. Via the I²C-bus, adjustments can be made of the horizontal and vertical geometry. The vertical sawtooth generator drives the vertical output drive circuit which has a differrential output current. For the EW drive a single ended current output is available. When the horizontal scan is reduced to display 4 : 3 pictures on a 16 : 9 picture tube an accurate video blanking can be switched on to obtain well defined edges on the screen. Overvoltage conditions can be detected via the EHT tracking pin.When an overvoltage condition is detected the horizontal output drive signal will be switched-off via the slow stop procedure but it is also possible that the drive is not switched-off and that just a protection indication is given in the I²C-bus output byte. The choice is made via the input bit PRD. 2.5. Chroma and Luminance processing The circuits contain a chroma bandpass and trap circuit. The filters are realised by means of gyrator circuits and they are automatically calibrated by comparing the tuning frequency with the X-tal frequency of the decoder. The luminance delay line and the delay for the peaking circuit are also realised by means of gyrator circuits. The centre frequency of the chroma bandpass filter is switchable via the I²C-bus so that the performance can be optimised for �front-end� signals and external CVBS signals. During SECAM reception the centre frequency of the chroma trap is reduced to get a better suppression of the SECAM carrier frequencies. 2.6. Colour Decoder The decoder contains an alignment-free X-tal oscillator, a killer circuit and two colour difference demodulators. The 90° phase shift for the reference signal is made internally. The IC contains an automatic colour limiting (ACL) circuit which prevents that oversaturation occurs when signals with a high chroma-to-burst ratio are received. The ACL circuit is designed such that it only reduces the chroma signal and not the burst signal. This has the advantage that the colour sensitivity is not affected by this function. The base-band delay line is integrated in the PAL/SECAM IC� s. The demodulated colour difference signals are internally supplied to the delay line. The matrixed signals are externally available. The colour difference matrix switches automatically between PAL/SECAM and NTSC, however, it is also possible to fix the matrix in the PAL standard. Which colour standard the IC can decode depends on the external X-tals. The X-tal to be connected to pin 34 must have a frequency of 3.5 MHz (NTSC-M, PAL-M or PAL-N) and pin 35 can handle X-tals with a frequency of 4.4 and 3.5 MHz. To prevent calibration problems of the horizontal oscillator the external switching between the 2 X-tals should be carried out when the oscillator is forced to pin 35. For a reliable calibration of the horizontal oscillator it is very important that the X-tal indication bits (XA and XB) are not corrupted. For this reason the X-tal bits can be read in the output bytes so that the software can check the I²C-bus transmission. 2.7. RGB output circuit and black-current stabilisation The colour-difference signals are matrixed with the luminance signal to obtain the RGB-signals. The TDA 884X device has one linear RGB input. This RGB signal can be controlled on contrast and brightness. The output signal has an amplitude of about 2 volts black-to-white at nominal input signals and nominal settings of the controls. To increase the flexibility of the IC it is possible to insert OSD and/or teletext signals directly at the RGB outputs. This insertion mode is controlled via the insertion input (pin 26 in the S-DIP 56- and pin 38 in the QFP-64 level). This blanking action at the RGB outputs has some delay which must be compansated externally. To obtain an accurate biasing of the picture tube a �Continuous Cathode Calibration� circuit has been developed. This function is realised by means of a 2-point black level stabilisation circuit.

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